產品環境足跡(Product Environmental Footprint,簡稱 PEF)是歐盟提出的專有名詞，其定義是與ISO14040:2006生命週期評估的原理一致，考量了生命週期的5個階段(原料、製造、運輸、使用、棄置/回收)的16種不同的環境衝擊後，將5個階段中的各種環境衝擊分別給予加總總合。自2018年起歐盟開啟為期三年(2018.05-2021.12)的環境足跡過渡期，此過渡期PEF衝擊指標之部分計算模式已有更新，且從15項擴增至16項指標，這16種環境衝擊項目每一項均有指定參考使用之評估模型與單位，目前最新EF3.1的16項衝擊指標之中英文名詞與使用方法學對照如下表1所示。

 

                                                        表1、歐盟環境足跡EF3.1的16項衝擊指標之中英文名詞對照表

編號	EImpact Category	中文名稱	Indicator	Unit	Underlying LCIA method
1	Climate Change	溫室效應	Radiative forcing as Global Warming Potential (GWP100)	kg CO2 eq	Bern model - Global warming potential (GWP) over a 100-year time horizon based on IPCC 2021 (Forster et al., 2021)
2	Ozone Depletion	臭氧層破壞	Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)	kg CFC-11 eq	EDIP model based on the ODPs of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) over an infinite time horizon (WMO 2014 + integrations)
3	Ecotoxicity freshwater	對淡水生態毒性	Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (CTUe)	CTUe	Based on USEtox2.1 model (Fantke et al. 2017, Rosenbaum et al. 2008), adapted as in Saouter et al. (2018)
4	Human Toxicity, cancer	人類毒性-癌症	Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh)	CTUh	Based on USEtox2.1 model (Fantke et al. 2017, Rosenbaum et al. 2008), as in Saouter et al. (2018)
5	Human Toxicity, non- cancer	人類毒性-非癌症	Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh)	CTUh	Based on USEtox2.1 model (Fantke et al. 2017, Rosenbaum et al. 2008), as in Saouter et al. (2018)
6	Particulate matter	顆粒物質	Human health effects associated with exposure to PM2.5	Disease incidences	PM model (Fantke et al., 2016 in UNEP 2016)
7	Ionising radiation , human health	電離輻射-人體健康影響	Human exposure efficiency relative to U235	kBq U235	Human health effect model as developed by Dreicer et al. (1995) and published in Frischknecht et al. (2000).
8	Photochemical ozone formation, human health	光化學臭氧形成	Tropospheric ozone concentration increase	kg NMVOC eq	LOTOS-EUROS model (Van Zelm et al., 2008) as applied in ReCiPe 2008.
9	Acidification	酸化	Accumulated Exceedance (AE)	mol H+ eq	Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al. 2006, Posch et al., 2008)
10	Eutrophication, terrestrial	優養化-陸地	Accumulated Exceedance (AE)	mol N eq	Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al. 2006, Posch et al., 2008)
11	Eutrophication, freshwater	優養化-淡水	Fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment (P)	kg P eq	EUTREND model (Struijs et al., 2009) as implemented in ReCiPe 2008.
12	Eutrophication, marine	優養化-海水	Fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment (N)	kg N eq	EUTREND model (Struijs et al., 2009) as implemented in ReCiPe 2008
13	Water use	資源耗竭-水	User deprivation potential (deprivation-weighted water consumption)	m3 world eq. deprived water	Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) model (Boulay et al., 2018; UNEP 2016)
14	Resource Use, minerals and metals	資源耗竭-礦物與金屬	Abiotic resource depletion (ADP ultimate reserves)	kg Sb eq	van Oers et al., 2002 as in CML 2002 method, v.4.8
15	Resource use, fossil	資源耗竭-化石燃料	Abiotic resource depletion – fossil fuels (ADP-fossil)	MJ	van Oers et al., 2002 as in CML 2002 method, v.4.8
16	Land use	土地使用	Soil quality index	Dimensionless (pt)	Soil quality index based on LANCA model (De Laurentiis et al. 2019) and on the LANCA CF version 2.5 (Horn and Maier, 2018)

 

資料來源：Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the Environmental Footprint 3.1 method

 

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                                                                                                                   資料來源：本計畫整理